Blowing-engine



4 Sheets-Sheet 1.

(No Mdel.)

P. L. WEIMER.

BLOWING ENGINB.

No. 854,453. Patented Deo. 14, 1886.

(No Mandel.) 4 sheets-sheen 2. P. L. WEIMBR.

l BLDWING ENGINE. l No. 354,453.v Patented Deo. 14, 1886.

a,... MM A z/fmgf f v n WM N. PETERS. Pwmunmgmplmr, wzminpm. D. c,

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 3. P. L. WEIMER.

BLOWING ENGINE.

No. 354,453. Patent-ledlDeo. 14, 1886.

glibc/wko@ (No Modei.) 4 sheetssheet 4.

P. L. WBIMER.

` BLOWING ENGINE.

No. 354.453. Patented Deo. 14, 1886.

4UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICEO PETER L. W'EIMER, OF LEBANON,PENNSYLVANIA.

BLOWING-ENGINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 354,453, dated December14, 1886.

Application filed May 13, 1886.

T all whom it may concern: n

Be it known that I, PETER L. Winnen, a citizen of the United States,residing at Lebanon, in the county of Lebanon and State of Pennsylvania,have invented certain new and and particularly pointed out in theclaims.

In the construction of large blowing-cylinders in which the diameter issix (6) feet, and over, the chamber around the heads for receiving theair from the cylinder increases the diameter of the heads beyond ten(10) feet, which is the maximum ofrailroad shipping` dimensions. Toovercome this objection the head must be cast in sections, which greatlyincreases the cost of manufacture. By my present invention I locate thechamber for re-l celving the compressed air within the cylinder, andform it as an integral part of the head, thereby reducing the diameterof the cylinder tothe least possible dimensions in excess of thediameter of the piston, and in the largest-sized engines known to thetradeone hundred (100) inches in diaineter-the extreme diametersofiiauges do not reach ten (10) feet. the wear upon the valve-stems,caused by metal working in frictional contact with metal in parts oftheengine to which access could not be had to lubricate them. Thisobjection has been overcome by securing the inlet and discharge valvesto dexible arms rigidly secured to the valve-stems and to a post fixedto the cylinder-head or to the valve-seats. By this construct-ion nolubricant is required, the valves have a free reciprocating movement andare guided and held against lateral displacement.

In the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this speciiication,Figure 1 represents a vertical section of my blowing-engine cylin-Another diiiculty encountered was Serial No. 202,070. (No model.)

der; Fig. 2, a plan partly in section. Figs. 3 and 4 are perspectivesshowing the manner of inserting the inlet-valves through the ports orpassages which they control. Fig. 5 is a longitudinal section throughthe inlet and discharge valves. Fig. 6 is a cross-section oftheinlet-valve and its seat. Fig. 7 represents a sectional view of thedischargevalve provided with a detachable valve-seat, and Fig. 8 acorresponding view ofthe inlet-valve.

Reference being had to the drawings and the letters marked thereon, Arepresents the cylinder, provided with removable heads B and C, havinginner and outer closed horizontal walls, L L, between which and thever-V tical walls B and D are formed chambers D, to receive the aircompressed by the piston E during each of its strokes, alternately, andfrom which it is discharged through the passages E on one side ofthecylinder and through the opening E, which is connected with asuitableconduit for delivering the air to the place where it is desired to useit.

The heads B and C are provided with inletpassages G, which are arrangedin the circumference of their outer walls, and are provided with valvesI-I, which open inwardly and are held by flexible arms a b, secured atone end to the valve-spindle c by a nut and interposed thimbles d d, andat the opposite end they are secured in like manner to a post, e, whichin turn is secured to the head or to the removable valve-scat.

In the vertical wall of the chamber D formed in the heads are a seriesrot passages, I, controllcd by valves K, composed of two separatev disksor plates of sheet metal, a b', between Awhich is held an annulus orother formed of a helical spring, m, the opposite end of roo which isseated in a corresponding cup, a,

formed on a curved bridge, o, attached to the ribs p, formed in theheads. From the cups n project pins q, to prevent the displacement ofthe springs m and limit the lift of the valve to its proper area ofdischarge.

The inclined outer wall and the vertical inner wall of thecylinder-heads B C form an annular angular air receiving chamber, C,proportioned in cross-sectional area to the requirements ot' thecylinder in receiving its supply of air during each stroke of thepiston. By this construction of the receivingchamber the dead space ateach end of the cylinder is reduced to the minimum, while ample space isprovided for the incoming air. In the operation of the engine one halfof the air admitted to each end of the cylinder enters above and theother half below the longitudinal center of the valveopenings. Thereforethe increased cross-sectional area of the inner ends of theair-receiving chambers 0^ must be sufficient to accommodate the airreceived through the valve-opening on both sides of its longitudinalcenter. Furthermore, any compressed air retained in thereceiving-chamber after the discharge-valves have been closed willexpand back inte the working-cylinder, with the fresh supply of aircoming in through the inletvalves.

The valves shown are rectangular in form; but I do not conne myself tothis form, as many other forms may be used without departing from thespirit of my invention so far as it relates to the construction of thevalves.

It will be observed that the inlet-valves H, as shown in Figs. 1, 2, 3,and 4, are inserted from the outside of the heads B and C. To effecttheir insertion the metal is cut away on one side of the passages G, asshown at r. The valve is then tilted and inserted by first entering oneend and moving it beyond the opening, as shown in the left-hand passagein Fig. 3, then entering the opposite end of the valve, after which itis adj usted, as shown by dotted lines in the right-hand passage of saidiigure, and is then secured to the spring or iiexible supporting-arms gh.

To facilitate the construction of this engine `I have devised the formof valve-seat shown in Figs. 7 and 8, in which the seat A is madeseparate and detachable from the cylinderhead, and is secured thereto bybolts c', with apacking, d', inserted between the wall of the head andthe detachable seat, and the' ieXible arms a b and g 7L, secured to theseat instead of to the heads, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. By thisconstruction the valve-seats can be prepared separately and in advanceof the cylinder-heads, the valves affixed, and the whole inserted intheir respective passages G and I with great facility and saving oftime.

By referring to the drawings it will be observed that the relative areaof the several inlet and discharge valves is about one (l) of the formerto one and one-half (1%) or two (2) of the latter; or the area of eachdischargevalve is about one and one-half (1%) or two (2) times greaterthan the area oi' any one inletvalve, and in the construction shown thecombined area of the inlet-valves is slightly in eX- cess of thecombined area of the outlet-valves. This proportion of arca of thevalves is duc te the form of the valve and the flexible supporting -armsg 7a. The rectangular valveopenings and their corresponding valvesafford a ready supply of air to and discharge from the cylinder with theminimum of lift, while the rapid action of the valves induced by thefiexible arms enables the piston to be run at ahigh speed. In thisconstruction the lift or travel of the inlet-valves is about one (l)inch and the lift or travel of the dischargevalves about one and onehalf (Il) inch, or one-third (t) more than the inlet-valves. Byproviding the cylinder-heads with rectangular valve-openings I secure afar greater combined area of inlet and discharge ports than can be hadin the saine space by the use of circular passages, and by the use ofrectangular valves the lift or travel of the valves is greatly rcduced,thus admitting of an increase of speed, and consequent blowing capacityof the engine A rectangular valve of fifty (50) square inches area,having a length of twelve and one-half (1%) inches and a width of four(4) inches, measures thirty -three (33)inches around its edges. To raisesuch a valve from its seat sufticiently to give fifty (50) square inchesof opening it must rise or travel one inch and nine-siXteenths, (lfg.) Acircular valve of fifty (50) inches area measures twenty-ive andthirteen one-hundredths (25T13) inches around its circumference. Toraise such a valve from its seat to give its full area of opening itmust rise or travel within a small fraction of two (2) inches. Thisdifference of lift or travel in the valves of a large blowing-engine isa matter of great importance, for the reason that the speed of theengine is controlled by the action of the valves. The greater the liftor travel of the valves the more time is consumed in their operation andthe greater is the destruction of the valves in their seating.

Instead of forming the discharge ports or passages I in the verticalwall of the cylinderheads B C, they may be formed in the horizontal wallL of said heads.

The valves K are inserted and removed through openings M in the headsprovided with covers N.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim :is-

l. AblOWing-engine cylinder-head provided with two horizontal and twoconcentric walls, between which is formed a chamber of smaller diameterthan Jthe bore of the cylinder to receive air compressed by the piston,and with a side discharge-passage communicating with said chamber,substantially as described.

2. Ablowng-engine cylinder-head having an outer inclined wall withinlet-passages i formed therein, a vertical concentric wall havingdischarge-passages, and a chamber for compressed air formed within saidwalls, of

smaller diameter than the bore of the cylin- ICO IlO

der, and povded with a lateral dischargeelastic seat for the valve,substantially as de- 1o passage communicating with said chamber, inscribed. combination with inwardlyopening valves In testimony whereof Iafx my signature in for both sets of passages, substantially asdepresence of two witnesses. scribed.

3. In a b1oWing-engine,a Valve composed of PETER L' VVEIMER two concaveor dished rectangular pieces of Vitnesses:

sheet metal with a layer or strip of flexible SELIM S. THOMAS,

material held between them and forming an JOHN BIRKINBINE.

